Not modern stuff really since most of the time the vinyl source is going to be the same digital master source they made for the CD's. Also a lot of engineers don't even record in high sample rates (Andy Sneap records everything at 44.1 for example). Some bands actually do master seperately for vinyl and CD though which can be a good thing for vinyl fans since CD's are generally mastered to loud by squashing the music with a limiter which kills dynamics to a degree, though in metal a lot of bands don't really have much in that sense. Because of vinyl's loudness limitations, if they master for vinyl seperately it can sound better than the CD version due to not hitting the compressor and limiters as hard but most of the time they just get cheap and lower the volume from the CD master instead of a proper vinyl specific master.
Vinyl has physical limitations because the grooves can only be so deep and wide which impact the bass frequencies and loudness, so a tradeoff is usually made. Also vinyl is EQ differently but corrected by your record player preamp on output but many cheap players don't have a very good corrective EQ (See RIAA EQ Curve) which causes a lot of vinyl to sound overly bass heavy since it pretty much chops off the high frequencies.
Also if you don't clean your vinyl/needle regularly it's really bad for your vinyl and contributes even further to as you mentioned the quality going down from scratches, pops, as well as frequency loss that normally happens over time (I've heard an average of 200 times before they start to really going noticably bad if you take care of them and your equipment). Also stacking them on top of eachother is BAD! Hot temperatures also can have a bad affect. If you take care of them though they can last a really long time.
Pretty much everyone except some analogue purists like Steve Albini do digital everything or at least the mastering and mixing stages, so yeah, there's really not much of a benefit anymore sound wise for modern vinyl. There's really great sounding stuff from the before the digital revolution though that just sound awesome on vinyl and really horrible on CD.