I recommend you get a Thorens turntable. They can be expensive, but are great shit! I have the TD-126 MKIII Centennial. It's from '86, but still sounds great! Find one used! The Linn Sondek LP12 is also very good!
I don't really recommend cheap turntables as the sound is crap and you get tired of them quickly! I had a dj turntable (Gemini) and I had that for 9 months or something and then bought my Thorens (that's 2-3 years ago now I think). I could easily tell the difference the first time I connected the Thorens! With the cartridge and a MC Step-up this had costed arounded $2750 (in '86), but I only payed around $145 for it used! I don't really recommend their smallest models though. Better get a larger one used then. Their small models doesn't have floating subchassis either, which is a big minus! For cartridges MC is the best, but are also a lot more expensive than the MM's. You also need a MC step-up as the output is very low!
For vinyl, I recommend starting with Lee Hazlewood, as he's my biggest idol! John Barry is also very, very good! Comes in as my biggest idol right after Lee. But anyway, in the 60's & 70's there was so much good music to choose from!