Fredric Jameson is probably your best bet if you want some metacommentary on the dialectic, its history, and how it's applied. Philosophers who often apply it typically don't bother to discuss the technical aspects of what they're doing or how.
Jameson, on the other hand, is not only an incredible theorist, thinker, and writer; he's also a fantastic student. By that, I mean his texts can be read as studies in dialectical thought, and this means very intense engagement with dialectical philosophers and explanations of their methodologies.
His early book,
Marxism and Form: Twentieth Century Dialectical Theories of Literature, provides a study on subject matter that's closer to my line of work. For a later, more heavily philosophical approach, look for his book
Valences of the Dialectic (which is the book I used for some of my blog post).
Awesome! I'm having Christmas with my folks late this year (had Christmas with the in-laws first); so I'll keep everyone posted on my literary hauls as well once I receive them.
Any particular texts of Derrida and Foucault you're considering? I only ask because of all the authors of theory I have on my shelf, Jameson and Foucault are those whose work I have the most of. I also have two books of essays by Derrida; he's fallen out of favor recently among literary critics, and philosophers (especially in the American traditions) have always eschewed his work. However, I find him fascinating and occasionally misunderstood. He's currently undergoing a bit of a renaissance due to the work of Martin Hägglund (who has an essay in
The Speculative Turn).