I'll give you some basics on the BPM/note length correlation.
BPM is used to measure the speed of a song as you surely know. 60 BPM means there's sixty beats in a minute, 120 BPM means there's 120 beats in a minute. One beat is the same as a 1/4 note.
Different notes:
1/1
1/2
1/4 (The same as the beat)
1/8
1/16
1/32
(The further down, the faster the notes)
You can ignore the first number. The second number tells you how many of said notes fit into one measure. There are four beats in a measure. So basically what you get out of a metronome is quarter notes.
There's also triplet notes. A 1/8 triplet is the same as a 1/12 note. You have two 8th (1/8 notes) in a beat. Eight in a measure. You have
three 8th triplets in a beat (Hence the name "
triplet"). Twelve in a measure. Similarly you have four 16th notes in a beat and six 16th triplets. If you want to get mathematical, a triplet is basically 0,666 times the length of the "non-triplet" note with the same numbers. An 8th note triplet is 66,6% of the length of an 8th note. Basically you
divide the length by 1,5.
With really slow triplets timing becomes a pain in the ass so don't put too much though into them in the beginning. Especially if you ever find 1/1 triplets you're SCREWED. That means that there's three 1/1 (Commonly called "full notes") notes in two measures. 1/2 triplets (1/2 notes are often called "half notes). Similarly 1/4 notes are "quarter notes").
Full note
Full note triplet
Half note
Half note triplet
Quarter note
Quarter note triplet
8th note
8th note triplet
16th note
16th note triplet
32nd note
32nd note triplet
(The further down, the faster the notes)
Then there's dotted notes. They are perhaps a bit easier to handle than triplets. An 8th dotted is 1,5 times the length of an 8th note, or you could think of it as one 8th note + one 16th note, or even as three 16th notes. Basically you
multiply the length by 1,5 when dealing with dotted notes (In triplets you
divided the length by 1,5 remember?) In a measure you can, for example have two 4th dotted notes and one 4th note. It's a pretty common rhythm pattern for melodies. Does it fill up a measure? Yes, it does. One 4th dotted is equivalent to 1,5 4th notes or three 8th notes. When you have two of the 4th dotted notes it equals into three 4th notes. Then when you add the last 4th note (not dotted this time) you get a full measure at four 4th notes.
Full note dotted
Full note
Full note triplet
Half note dotted
Half note
Half note triplet
Quarter note dotted
Quarter note
Quarter note triplet
8th note dotted
8th note
8th note triplet
16th note dotted
16th note
16th note triplet
32nd note dotted
32nd note
32nd note triplet
(The further down, the faster the notes)
When playing with a metronome you can practice the stuff with these.
1 note per metronome tick (NPMT henceforth) = quarter notes.
2 NPMT = 8th notes
3 NPMT = 8th triplets
4 NPMT = 16th notes
6 NPMT = 16th triplets
quarter notes: /0---/0---/0---/0---/
8th notes: /0-0-/0-0-/0-0-/0-0-/
8th triplets: /0-0-0-/0-0-0-/0-0-0-/0-0-0-/
16th dotted, 16th dotted, 16th, 16th dotted, 16th dotted, 16th: /0--0--0-/0--0--0-/0--0--0-/0--0--0-/
16th notes: /0000/0000/0000/0000/
/ = tick of metronome
0 = note
The beats are equal length in all of those examples. The examples are again in speed order. The ones on the top are slow, the ones on the bottom are fast. Make sure that your triplet notes are all equal in length. Also, if you practice the 16 dotted thing, put the BPM VERY low. Like 50-80 in the beginning I'd say.
You could try clapping the stuff too.
R L L R L L R L R L L R L L R L. If you clap this at 8th notes, your right hand is essentially playing 4th dotted, 4th dotted, 4th, 4th dotted, 4th dotted, 4th etc. Then you can leave out the left one.
R L L R L L R L L R L L. This one gives you 8th note triplets if you time it so that your right hand claps in time with the metronome.
I hope this clears something up, at least. You have anything to ask, ask away. I like teaching.