Firstly, I agree with the general thrash/death idea, anything with some pace, power and groove, as cookiecutter said. Specifically, i tend to go for more intense stuff in my collection for the weights, eg. early Napalm Death Brujeria, Decapitated, Iniquity, as well as the all out aggressive stuff (Pantera, Slayer, also agree with the RATM).
For running, rowing, etc., I like a bit of pace variation, so one album I particuarly enjoy for a good run is Burn My Eyes by Machine Head, not only for the groove and general pace but the fact I can end a 4 mile run with a sprint finish induced by the intro to Blood For Blood.
By the way, kudos to swizzlenuts for an original thread.