Damn it DA, this is supposed to be my reading time!
Interesting points. But what if we change the example from America to a place like China where, in sweatshops at least, worker exploitation and dangerous conditions are the norm? Do you still oppose unions even in cases like these or historical cases of industrialization in the West?
I think serious differences in cultural conditioning and upbringing have to do with differing perceptions in how employees are treated. That said, I definitely do think that conditions in certain Chinese sweatshops are horrible and that they exploit their workers. We can debate back and forth whether this is my own social lens affecting my opinion, or whether it's the actual case. Testimony from Chinese workers does suggest that how they're treated differs from what employers state publicly about their treatment.
If you still oppose unions in cases like sweatshops, what is to be done there? I think I know how Dak will respond since most right-leaning libertarians put forth the same argument: given that the alternatives are worse, sweatshops are a godsend for the working class in developing nation. This is a strong position economically as far as it goes, but strikes me as morally short-sighted.
Good point. I would say that even in a sweatshop you can have leaderless organized opposition to employee exploitation; but I'll say again that I think culturally, in regions such as China, employees have a different perception of what "exploitation" is. I'm not sure I'm answering your question though; basically, worker organization can happen anywhere, in any company or corporation, even a sweatshop. I just think it's more difficult in certain regions because of cultural and social conditioning.
Also, concerning your your definition of a union. When does an effective free association of workers cease and an ineffectual, bureaucratic union begin? Is it necessarily the case that the latter always follows in the former in development? In other words, can unions not be flat, relatively non-hierarchical organizations that are run democratically and not from the top down?
I think that if the purpose of labor unions is the fair treatment of workers, we can basically boil that down to the guarantee of essential individual liberties (i.e. "I, as an employee, deserve a certain amount of value in exchange for my labor; if I don't receive it, that infringes on my personal liberty and I have a right to react").
Since labor unions are essentially a guarantee of individual liberty, I see them as potentially revolutionary tools. They're put in place to react when workers' rights are denied. However, in our current economic system, they've become preemptive measures; that is, they're already in place in order to dissuade employers from exploiting their workers. This leads to imbalance in the other direction, since unions now have the ability to make excessive demands and stifle productivity.
Furthermore, unions, as a preemptive measure, follow certain general regulations, usually assigning an individual to a leadership position and having levels of association and power throughout. This doesn't only lead to decreased productivity, but also to decreased freedoms of workers who are lower, so to speak, on the union ladder, and whose opinions aren't necessarily taken into consideration as much as those who are higher up, or those who go out for beer with the union head on Saturdays.
Revolutionary tools lose their potency when they're instituted as preemptive measures like this because they adopt centralized planning methods and become absorbed into the working ideology of the system. I believe that in order for workers' rights to be respected, the threat of potential opposition must always be present, but not in the form of institutionalized/centralized organizations. Revolution isn't something achieved through hierarchical power structures as situated
within the system they wish to challenge. Instead, workers need to realize their revolutionary potential as
necessary components of a company, and to actualize that potential when they're treated unfairly.